Umahluko phakathi kweShellac kunye nezinye iivanishi zokhuni zokuhlobisa: isikhokelo esipheleleyo sokukhetha ukugqiba okulungileyo

Ngaba uqinisekile ukuba yeyiphi isiphelo esilungele ifanitshala yakho yomthi? Xa kuziwa ekongezeni ukugqiba kwifenitshala, kukho iindlela ezininzi: i-varnish eqhelekileyo, i-shellac, i-lacquers, i-polyurethane, i-acrylics ... Ngamnye uneempawu zakhe, iingenelo kunye nezingeloncedo., kwaye ukhetho lunokwenza umehluko kokubili ngobuhle kunye nokusebenza. Ukhuni, ukuba yinto yendalo, Ifuna ukukhuselwa kumswakama, ukothuka kunye neearhente zangaphandle, yaye ukugqitywa kuya kugqiba kokubini inkangeleko yayo nokuqina kwayo ekuhambeni kwexesha.

Ehlabathini lokuhlobisa kunye nokubuyisela, ukukhetha phakathi kwe-shellac kunye nezinye iintlobo ze-varnishes yenye yezona zigqibo ezibalulekileyo. Akwanelanga ukujonga ukukhanya okanye umbala; Amandla, ukukhululeka kwesicelo, ukugcinwa kunye nokukwazi ukugqamisa ubuhle bendalo bomthi ngundoqo. Kweli nqaku sisombulula onke amathandabuzo akho ngokuhlalutya Uhlobo ngalunye lwe-varnish kunye nokugqiba, luchaza ngokunzulu ukuhlukana kwabo, ukusetyenziswa okucetyiswayo kunye neengcebiso zokusetyenziswa, ukuze wenze esona sigqibo sifanelekileyo ngokweemfuno zakho.

Yintoni i-shellac? Izinto eziluncedo kunye neempawu ze-shellac

I-Shellac, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-lacquer, yivanishi yendalo esetyenzisiweyo kangangeenkulungwane ukuhombisa nokukhusela iinkuni.. Ifunyanwa kwintlaka ekhutshwa sisinambuzane esibizwa ngokuba yi'lac', esiqokelelwa ikakhulu eIndiya nakuMzantsi-mpuma Asia. Emva kwenkqubo yokucoca kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kotywala, iba yi-shellac varnish njengoko siyazi.

Phakathi kwakho izibonelelo eziphambili, ivelele:

Ukuphucula ubuhle bendalo bomthi, ukubonelela ngokufudumala, ukukhanya okuthambileyo kunye ne-amber hue encinci ephucula imithambo kunye neenkcukacha.
Isicelo esilula: Inokusasazwa ngebrashi, iphedi okanye unodoli, ilungele zombini iingcali kunye nabasakhulayo.
Ukhuseleko olusebenzayo ngokuchasene namabala, imikrwelo emincinci kunye nokusetyenziswa kwansuku zonke, nangona ukuxhathisa kwayo kuphakathi.
Imveliso yendalo kunye netyhefu engenabungozi, kucetyiswa kakhulu kwiiprojekthi apho kufunwa ukugqitywa okuhambelana nokusingqongileyo.
Ukomisa ngokukhawuleza phakathi kweengubo, eququzelela ulwakhiwo olumangalisayo lwe-multi-layer kunye nokugqitywa okukhazimlayo.

Ngaphandle kobuhle bayo, I-Shellac ayifanelekanga kuzo zonke iimeko. Ayiwanyamezeli kakuhle amaqondo obushushu aphezulu. okanye ukudibana ixesha elide namanzi okanye iikhemikhali ezinamandla, ngoko ke akulona khetho lungcono kwiikhikhini, izindlu zangasese okanye ifenitshala yangaphandle ngaphandle kokhuseleko olongezelelweyo. Nangona kunjalo, Ayinakuthelekiswa nanto ukubuyisela izinto zakudala, izixhobo zomculo kunye nokufezekisa ukugqitywa kobugcisa kwifanitshala esemgangathweni..

Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zevanishi: iintlobo, iimpawu kunye nokusetyenziswa

Indalo yonke ye-varnishes ibanzi njengeemfuno zokugqiba ekuhlobiseni. Ukukhetha eyona ifanelekileyo kuya kuxhomekeka kwizinto ezifana nohlobo lomthi, ukusetyenziswa okucetywayo, indawo engqongileyo kunye nesimbo sokuhombisa. I-Varnishes ngokuyinhloko ihluke ngokubunjwa kwabo, inqanaba lokukhusela ababonelela ngalo, ukugqiba kwabo okubonakalayo (i-gloss, i-satin, okanye i-matte), kunye nokulula kwesicelo kunye nokugcinwa.

Ivarnish eqhelekileyo

I-varnish ye-Classic yenye yezona zinto zidumileyo ukugqamisa ukhuni kunye nokukhusela kumswakama, imisebe ye-UV kunye nokunxiba. Ukubunjwa kwayo ngokuqhelekileyo kusekelwe kwii-resin zendalo okanye zokwenziwa ezichithwe kwi-solvents okanye emanzini. Phakathi kwezinto zayo eziphambili, ivelele:

Ukugqitywa okuqinileyo kunye nokuqina, ilungele ifenitshala exhomekeke kusetyenziso olunzulu kunye neendawo ezihlala ngaphandle okanye ezingaphandle.
Ifumaneka kwi-gloss, matte okanye kwi-satin finishes, ukuziqhelanisa nesitayile esifunwayo: ukusuka kubuhle bepiyano gloss ukuya kubunyani be matte.
Amanqanaba aguquguqukayo okhuseleko Ngokuxhomekeke kwifomula: ezinye iivanishi zongeza izihlungi ze-UV okanye i-fungicides, ngakumbi ezo zenzelwe ukusetyenziswa kwangaphandle.
Ukusetyenziswa okulula ngebrashi, i-roller okanye umpu wokutshiza, ikuvumela ukuba ugqume iindawo ezinkulu okanye ezincinci ngokulula.

I-varnish inezinto ezininzi, kodwa Ukubunjwa kwayo kunokuchaphazela ithoni yokugqibela yokhuni. Kukho ivanishi ezingenambala ukugcina umbala wokuqala kunye nabanye abongeza ama-nuances, alungele ukwenza ifenitshala yobuntu kunye nokubonelela ngokufudumala.

I-Varnishes ngokubunjwa: i-polyurethane, i-acrylic kunye ne-synthetic

Kukho iinguqulelo ezenziweyo eziphucula ukuxhathisa okanye ukuguqula iimpawu ezithile:

Polyurethane varnish: Ibonelela nge ukhuseleko olukhethekileyo ekunxibeni, ukukrazuka kunye nokufuma. Idume kakhulu kwimigangatho, iingcango, amaqonga kunye nemigangatho ephantsi kwetrafikhi ephezulu. Amaqela amabini aphambili: i-solvent-based (imveli engaphezulu kunye neyomelele, kodwa ingaphantsi kokusingqongileyo) kunye nesiseko samanzi (icocekile kwaye ikhuselekile, nangona ngokuqhelekileyo ibiza imali encinci kwaye iphuculwe kakhulu malunga nokuqina).
ivarnish ye-acrylic: Yoma ngokukhawuleza, ayiphuzi kwaye ihlonipha umbala. Igqwesileyo njengokhuseleko lwemisebenzi yobugcisa, iziqwenga zokuhombisa okanye iindawo apho ukuthembeka okuphezulu kumbala wokuqala kufunwa. Ukungalungi kwayo okuphambili yi ukuxhathisa okuphantsi kwe-abrasion, ngoko ke akukhuthazwa kwiindawo zokusetyenziswa kakhulu.
Iivanishi zokwenziwa (alkyd): Banikela Ukuchasana okuphezulu kumswakama, ukuguquguquka kunye nokukhuselwa kwemozulu. Ixhaphakile kwiindawo ezingaphandle, ifenitshala yesitrato, izikhephe kunye neengcango. Ngokuqhelekileyo zibandakanya izongezo ezifana nezihluzi ze-UV okanye izibulala-zinambuzane.
I-epoxy varnish: Amacandelo amabini kunye nokukhuselwa kweekhemikhali eziphezulu kunye nomzimba. Ukusetyenziswa kwayo kuqhelekile kwiinqanawa, iidekhi kunye nefenitshala evezwe kwiimeko ezinzima. Ukugqitywa kudla ngokukhazimla kwaye kuhlala ixesha elide.
Ivanishi yeNitrocellulose: Ilungele ukugqitywa okuhle kakhulu, okugudileyo kunye nokucwebezelayo, iyintandokazi kwizixhobo zomculo kunye nokubuyiselwa kobugcisa. Kukhethwa ukuba isetyenziswe ngompu wokutshiza kwaye yome ngokukhawuleza, nangona ivakalelwa kukufudumala, ukufuma kunye neekhemikhali.
Ivarnish yepolyester: Ugutyulo olugqwesileyo kunye nokukhanya, kodwa aluguquguquki kakhulu kwaye lunobuntununtunu kwimozulu.. Isetyenziswa kakhulu ngaphakathi, iingcango, ifenitshala yasekhitshini kunye naphi na apho ukukhanya okungenakunqweneleka kufunwa khona.

Iindidi zeevanishi zikuvumela ukuba ukhethe imveliso efanelekileyo ngokusekelwe kumsebenzi wento, imfuno yokukhusela, kunye nokugqiba kobuhle obufunwayo.

I-Shellac vs. Ezinye iiVarnish: Umahluko ongundoqo

Xa uthelekisa i-shellac kunye nezinye i-varnishes, kukho inani leeyantlukwano ezibalulekileyo zombini kwindalo yemveliso kunye nokusebenza kwayo.. Ezi zintlukwano zihamba ngaphaya kwemvelaphi kwaye zichaphazela amava okubukela, ukuqina, kunye nokulungiswa okanye ukubuyisela ukhetho.

Ukuqulunqwa kunye nemvelaphi: I-Shellac iyindalo ngokupheleleyo (i-resin kunye notywala), ngelixa ezininzi i-varnishes zanamhlanje zenziwe.
Ukugqiba okubonakalayo: I-Shellac ivelele kuyo ukufudumala, ukukhanya okuthambileyo, kunye nefuthe elihle kwiinkozo zokhuni. Ezinye i-varnishes zinokubonakala, zicwebezele, zi-matte okanye ze-satin, zihluke kwindlela eziguqula ngayo imbonakalo yokuqala yefenitshala.
Ukuchasa kunye nokugcinwa: Iivanishi zokwenziwa (i-polyurethane, i-polyester, i-epoxies) Banikezela ngokhuseleko olomeleleyo kwiimpembelelo, amanzi kunye neekhemikhali. I-Shellac, nangona ikhusela amabala okukhanya kunye nemikrwelo, ivakalelwa kubushushu, ukufuma, kunye neemveliso ezithile, ngoko ifuna ukunyamekelwa ngakumbi kunye nokugcinwa, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezinzima.
Ukusebenziseka ngokulula kunye nokulungiswa: IShellac inokusetyenziswa ngokulula kwaye ibuyiselwe, njengoko iileya ezindala zinyibilika ngotywala kwaye 'zinokunyibilika' ngezicelo ezitsha. Ezinye ivanishi, ngakumbi ezokwenziwa, zifuna ukuhluthwa okuntsonkothileyo okanye ukufakwa kwesanti enzulu ukulungisa umonakalo.
Intlonipho yokusingqongileyo: I-Shellac yenye yezona ndlela zinobungane kunye nezempilo, ezingenazo i-toxins kunye ne-fumes enzima, xa kuthelekiswa neekhemikhali ezisekelwe kwi-varnishes ezinokufuna izixhobo zokukhusela kunye nomoya ofanelekileyo.

Ukukhetha phakathi kwe-shellac kunye nezinye i-varnishes kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwefenitshala, ukusetyenziswa kwayo kunye nobuhle obufunwayo.. Ukubuyisela, ifenitshala ye-antique, okanye ukugqiba ubugcisa, i-shellac ayinakulinganiswa. Kwiindawo eziphantsi kokusetyenziswa kakhulu kunye nokuvezwa, i-synthetics kunye ne-polyurethanes kufuneka ibe yinto ekhethiweyo.

Ezinye iinkuni zigqiba kunye nendima yazo ekuhombiseni

Ukongeza kwi-varnish kunye ne-shellac, kukho ezinye iindlela ezithandwayo zokukhusela kunye nokuphucula iinkuni, nganye ineempawu zayo ezizodwa kunye nemisebenzi:

Wax: Inika ukugqiba kwendalo kakhulu, ithambileyo ekuchukumiseni kwaye kulula ukuyilungisa, kodwa inika ukhuseleko oluncinci kumanzi okanye ukukrazuka. Ifanelekile kwifanitshala engasoloko ityhilwa okanye apho ubunyani obuphezulu bufunwayo.
Oyile: Njengelined, tung okanye ioli yomsedare, Zingena ngokunzulu kwaye zondle iinkuni, ukuphucula ukubonakala kwayo kunye nokunceda ukugcina ukufuma kwayo kwendalo. Ukugqitywa yi-matte okanye i-satin, kwaye nangona inika ukhuseleko, idla ngokufuna ukuphinda kusetyenziswe kwakhona.
Ilakhi: Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukunika imicibisholo ecwebezelayo nexhathisayo. Inokuthi yenziwe okanye yendalo (musa ukudibanisa i-lacquer yorhwebo kunye ne-shellac). Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziswe ngompu wokutshiza kwaye iyanconywa kwifenitshala yangaphakathi inikwe ukuchasana kwayo okuphantsi kwemozulu xa kuthelekiswa ne-varnish yendabuko.
Ipeyinti esekwe emanzini: Efanelekileyo kwabo bakhetha ukongeza umbala ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukuthungwa kweenkuni. Zoma ngokukhawuleza kwaye zikhuphe ivumba elincinci, nangona zisenokungakwazi ukumelana nokothuka kunye namaqondo obushushu aphezulu.
Ukugqitywa okusekwe emanzini: Ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukugcina inkangeleko yendalo, kulula ukuyifaka kwaye ikhawuleza ukomisa, kodwa ukukhuselwa kwabo ekugqokeni okunzulu kulinganiselwe.

Ukhetho lokugqiba luhlala luphendula kwizizathu zokuhombisa, kodwa ukusetyenziswa kwangempela okuya kunikwa ifenitshala okanye umphezulu kufuneka kuhlale kuthathelwa ingqalelo: Ibhalansi phakathi kokukhusela, i-aesthetics kunye nokulula ukugcinwa yinto ebalulekileyo kwisigqibo esiyimpumelelo..

Iintlobo ze-shellac kunye neefomati ezikhoyo

I-Shellac iyafumaneka kwiimarike kwiinkcazo ezahlukeneyo, ukuziqhelanisa nemithi eyahlukeneyo kunye neziphumo ezifunwayo.. Ukuze ufunde ngakumbi malunga neenketho ezahlukeneyo zesicelo kunye nobuchule, unokuqhagamshelana nathi Isikhokelo kwii-primers zokhuni kunye neendonga.

Iwax ecacileyo: Kunconywa iinkuni ezikhanyayo (i-maple, i-fir, njl.), Inika ukhuseleko kunye nokuphucula ngaphandle kokuguqula umbala.
Iwax emnyama: Efanelekileyo kwimithi emnyama (i-walnut, i-oki, njl.), igxininisa ubunzulu kunye nokufudumala kwengqolowa.
Iwax enemibala: Ifanelekile ukongeza ama-nuances kunye nokubuyisela ifanitshala ye-antique ngochuku lomntu.
Ifomathi ye-aerosol: Iququzelela isicelo kwiindawo ezincinci okanye ezinzima ukufikelela kuzo, zivumela iyunifomu, i-streak-free finish.
ifomathi yeflake kunye nediski: Ifanelekile kwi-restaurateurs kunye neengcali, kufuneka inyibilikiswe etywaleni ngaphambi kokusetyenziswa ukufezekisa ugxininiso olufunekayo.
Ukulungele ukusebenzisa i-shellac yolwelo: Yeyona ndlela isebenzayo ye-DIY, nangona icocekile kancinci kunefomathi 'ekrwada'.

Ukukhethwa kohlobo kunye nefomathi kuya kuxhomekeka kwisiqwenga, umphumo olindelekileyo kunye namava omfaki-sicelo.

Indlela yokufaka i-shellac kunye nezinye i-varnishes ukuze ufezekise ukugqitywa kobugcisa?

Ukusetyenziswa okuchanekileyo kubalulekile ekufezekiseni ixesha elide, elihle, kunye nokugqiba nge-shellac okanye nayiphi na enye ivanishi:

Lungiselela umphezulu: Ngokucokisekileyo ukhuni ude ube ne-texture egudileyo, ecocekileyo, engenazo ivanishi endala okanye ukungcola.
Isicelo: I-Shellac ingasetyenziswa nge-brush, idoli okanye i-pad, isasaza incinci, kunye nemigangatho. Ezinye ivanishi zivumela i-brush, i-roller okanye i-spray ngokuxhomekeke kwifomathi.
Ukomisa kunye nesanti ephakathi: Vumela idyasi nganye yome ngokupheleleyo, kwaye ukuba ujonge indawo egudileyo, epholileyo, isanti encinci phakathi kweedyasi.
Iileya ezongezelelweyo: Ukomelela okukhulu, sebenzisa iidyasi ezininzi ezilandelelanayo, zihlala zincinci kwaye zisasazwe kakuhle.
Ukugudiswa kokugqibela: Ukuba isiphelo siyayifuna, gcoba idyasi yokugqibela ngelaphu elithambileyo ukufezekisa ukukhanya okufunekayo kunye nokuthungwa.

Kubalulekile: Ubushushu be-Ambient kunye nokufuma kunempembelelo yokomisa kunye nokugqiba. Sebenza kwiindawo ezinomoya kwaye ukhusele iqhekeza eluthulini okanye kumasuntswana adadayo ngelixa loma.

Ukugcinwa kunye nokunyamekela ifenitshala ephathwa nge-shellac kunye ne-varnishes

Ugcino luyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwimveliso esetyenzisiweyo, kodwa kuzo zonke iimeko kuyacetyiswa:

Ukucoca rhoqo ngelaphu elithambileyo, elomileyo, ukuphepha iimveliso ezinobungozi okanye ukukhuhla iipads ezinokuthi zonakalisa ukuphela.
Kuphephe ukuchanabeka ngokuthe ngqo kukukhanya kwelanga kunye nolwelo ngakumbi kwimeko ye-shellac, enokuthi ingcolise okanye ilahlekelwe ukukhanya kwayo ngenxa yokuchithwa okanye ukukhanya okukhulu.
Ukuphinda kwenziwe isicelo: I-Shellac ivumela i-touch-ups elula ngokufaka iidyasi ezintsha emva kokucoca kunye nokukhanya kwesanti. Ukuba iivanishi zokwenziwa zigugile, zifuna isanti ekhanyayo kunye nedyasi entsha, okanye ukuba zonakaliswe kakhulu, zihlulwe ngokupheleleyo kwaye zipeyintwe kwakhona.
Ukuhambelana nokufunda: Ngaphambi kokufaka i-varnish kwimithi esele iphathwe, jonga imeko yengubo endala kunye naluphi na ukungahambelani kweekhemikhali phakathi kweemveliso.

Inqaku elidibeneyo:

Isikhokelo sokususa amabala kwiindawo zokhuni kunye nokubuyisela ubuhle babo

Imibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo malunga neevanishi zokhuni kunye nokugqiba

Ngezantsi siphendula eminye yemibuzo eqhelekileyo:

Zingaphi iidyasi zevanishi ezifunekayo? Akukho mgaqo umiselweyo; Kwiimeko ezininzi, iingubo ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3 zanele, kodwa zihlala zilandela iingcebiso zomenzi.
Ngaba unako ivanishi esele ilungisiwe iinkuni? Kuxhomekeke kwimeko ye-varnish yangaphambili kunye nokuhambelana kwayo: ukuba yonakele, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uyihlube. Ukuba ikwimeko entle, ukugalela isanti kancinci kunokwanela.
Ngaba ndingayitshintsha ithoni yomthi onevanishi? Kunokwenzeka ukuba usebenzise umthunzi omnyama we-varnish phezu kwesiseko sokukhanya, kodwa kungcono ukungcolisa iinkuni kuqala kwaye emva koko ivanishi.
Uyicoca njani ifenitshala enevarnish? Sebenzisa ilaphu elilula, kwaye ngamaxesha athile elifumileyo neligutyungelwe kakuhle ngamanzi kunye nesepha engathathi hlangothi. Gwema i-ammonia, iblitshi okanye iimveliso ezinobundlobongela.
Ingaba zikhona ivanishi ezingenavumba? I-varnishes esekelwe emanzini inevumba elincinci kakhulu kwaye limnandi kune-solvent-based varnishes.

Ihlabathi lemithi yokugqitywa yindalo yonke yamathuba, apho Ukhetho phakathi kwe-shellac kunye nezinye i-varnishes ziya kuxhomekeka kwizinto eziphambili zakho: ukunyaniseka kunye nokubuyiselwa, ukuchasana okugqithisileyo, ukukhululeka kokulungiswa okanye ubuhlobo bendalo.. Ngokuqonda ngokucokisekileyo iipropati kunye nokungafani phakathi kohlobo ngalunye, uya kukwazi ukunandipha ifenitshala kunye nezinto ezihlobisayo ezingezizo ezintle kuphela, kodwa zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zikhona.